How do throttling and debouncing improve performance in React applications?

Throttling and debouncing are techniques used to limit the rate at which a function is executed in response to events.

• Throttling: Ensures a function is only called at most once in a specified time period. Useful for performance-intensive operations like scroll events.
• Debouncing: Delays the execution of a function until after a specified time has passed since the last time it was invoked. Ideal for optimizing input validation or search queries.
• Use libraries like Lodash for easy implementation, or create custom hooks for specific use cases.