What are claims in JWT and how do they enhance security?

Claims in JWT provide information about the user and other metadata:

• Registered Claims: Predefined claims such as iss (issuer), exp (expiration), and sub (subject) which help identify the token's issuer and its validity period.
• Public Claims: Custom claims that can be defined by the application, e.g., user roles or permissions, allowing for flexible authorization strategies.
• Private Claims: Custom claims shared between parties that need to understand the token's content (e.g., user preferences).
• Proper use of claims helps to ensure that the client and server can agree on the information conveyed, enhancing security and authorization processes.