Explain the concept of the execution context in asynchronous JavaScript.

The execution context defines the environment in which JavaScript code is executed.

• Each time a function is invoked, a new execution context is created.
• In asynchronous operations, such as callbacks or promises, an execution context can be pushed onto the stack once the call stack is clear.
• This relates to the event loop, which manages how and when queued asynchronous tasks are executed after the current stack is empty.
• Understanding this is crucial to handling closures correctly, as the lexical scope is preserved across different execution contexts.